• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Hot air generator by biomass combustión. It comprises a feeder with auger (2), receiving hopper (3), combustión chamber (9), burner (8), driving fan (20) and hot air outlet (21); which incorporates a heat exchanger block (13) independent of the combustión chamber (9) removable and after it; formed by a second vertical tubes (16) with the driving fan (20) coupled in the exchanger block (13) at the opposite end and further away from the combustión chamber (9). Between the exchanger block (13) and the combustión gas outlet (12) of the combustión chamber (9), there is a first step (I) of combustión gases formed by another set of first vertical tubes (14) that are removable and sliding, the same having a larger diameter than the second vertical tubes (16) of the exchanger block (13), while those are assembled on ferrules (15). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2540153A1
    申请号:ES201331491
    申请日:2013-10-09
    公开日:2015-07-08
    发明作者:Domingo Aquilino VILLORIA OTERO
    申请人:Domingo Aquilino VILLORIA OTERO；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    P201331491
    04-25-2014
    HOT AIR GENERATOR BY BIOMASS COMBUSTION
    DESCRIPTION 5 OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a biomass combustion hot air generator, which contributes, to the function to which it is intended, several advantages and novelty characteristics that are will describe in
    10 detail below and that represent an alternative improvement to the systems currently known for the same purpose.
    More particularly, the object of the invention is focused on a hot air generating apparatus which, being of the type applicable for heating industrial premises or large enclosures,
    15 which uses pellets and other types of biomass as fuels and is essentially composed of a combustion chamber, a tubular heat exchanger where the heat of the combustion gases is transferred to the driven air by means of a fan arranged for this purpose, presenting the particularity of being structurally configured so that said exchanger, which is arranged behind the combustion chamber, is
    20 removable and is coupled with the pipes in an upright position, thereby providing transport and assembly advantages, prolonging the life of the device, lower ash accumulation, easy cleaning, greater efficiency and lowering of maintenance work. 25 FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
    The field of application of the present invention is part of the industry sector dedicated to the manufacture of hot air generating devices and devices, focusing particularly on the field of those using biomass as fuel.
    30 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    As is known, biomass is currently the most economical and ecological fuel, since its energy savings range between 40-60% compared to other fuels. That's why it is
    The use of devices that use this fuel as hot air generators to air large premises is increasingly common.
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    These devices, in a conventional way, are usually constructed, among other elements, by feeding systems with an auger that moves the biomass towards the burner of a combustion chamber of the split or the combustion gases leave towards an exchanger where the thermal transfer to air to heat.
    5 The essential problem of these devices is usually the difficulty of disassembling the set of tubes that make up the exchanger, since it is normally configured as an integrated part on the combustion chamber, which implies transport and assembly difficulties. In addition, said arrangement is usually with the exchanger tubes arranged
    10 in a horizontal position, which causes the accumulation of solids and ashes inside them, constituting a factor that prevents optimum performance of the apparatus, so it is necessary to periodically clean them, which also does not result easy.
    Well, the object of the present invention is to structurally configure said
    15 exchanger so that it can be easily removable and to improve the aforementioned aspects of cleaning and efficiency of the machine by its arrangement as an independent element behind the combustion chamber and with the tubes in an upright position. Likewise, placing the air discharge fan at the end closest to the combustion gas outlet to the outside, also favors greater machine performance.
    20 It should be noted, on the other hand, that at least on the part of the applicant it is unknown the existence of any other hot air generator by biomass combustion or similar invention that presents technical, structural and constitutive characteristics similar to those presented here. it is recommended, as claimed.
    25 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Thus, the biomass combustion hot air generator that the present invention proposes is configured as a novelty within its field of application, since according to
    30 of its implementation and in a taxative manner the aforementioned objectives are satisfactorily achieved, the characterizing details making it possible and distinguishing it from what is already known, conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present specification thereof.
    Specifically, what the invention advocates is, as noted above, a biomass combustion hot air generator comprising,
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    essentially, the following elements:
    -Feeding system or biomass feeder using an auger. -Reception hopper with agitator and burner feed. 5 -Combustion chamber with flue gas outlet to the exchanger and hot air outlet.
    -A first step of combustion gases towards the exchanger, composed of first vertical tubes that are removable and sliding, which are assembled slidingly on some bushings.
    10-Multitubular exchanger block, arranged vertically. -Flow box lower than the exchanger to decant solids. -Step of combustion gases from the last decanter to the extractor system
    smoke -Hot air supply system, arranged in the closest part of the exchanger to the gas outlet through the chimney. -Hot air outlet.
    Thus, the generator has a small hopper feed system installed that incorporates a safety shut-off system between said feeder and said hopper, 20 to prevent the return of the flame. The biomass can be stored directly on the feed auger or in another previous hopper that is closed and arranged for this purpose.
    The biomass reception system, is composed of the aforementioned small hopper in which a central remover is provided, and which is responsible for feeding the burner that goes
    25 installed at the other end of a horizontal connecting tube, inside the combustion chamber. Within this tube that is part of the aforementioned receiving system is an auger that rotates by means of an electric motor, and is responsible for dosing the biomass inside the burner.
    30 In the combustion chamber, the fuel that fills the burner partially overflows on the grill with small holes, which increase the combustion surface. The combustion is completed through tubes that provide air over the top of the flame (secondary air) with a variable flow fan.
    35 Once the combustion has taken place, the gas at high temperature passes through the first solid settling box, entering through a first passage of fumes composed of some
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    first vertical tubes of greater diameter that are removable and sliding, which slide over some bushings, so that in this first smoke passage where temperatures are very high, it is avoided that these first vertical tubes are subjected to stresses that could destabilize the generator structure These first tubes
    5 verticals are designed as a spare part, greatly reducing future repair work. To change these first vertical tubes it is not necessary to disassemble the exchanger, you just have to open some lateral registers arranged for this purpose.
    10 Once the combustion gases have passed through this first step, they pass to the multitubular exchanger, consisting of a set of second smaller vertical tubes, which are smaller in diameter than those of the first step, to facilitate the cooling of the gases of combustion The gases are forced to pass through several groups of second vertical tubes to make the air of the fan drive the
    15 air effectively cools the gases, thus achieving high performance by exchanging temperature between the gases and the air of the air supply fan.
    When the combustion gases pass through these groups of second vertical tubes, they have to change the direction of travel from the bottom up. It is at this point where
    20 lowers its speed, thus getting to decant most of the solids that go with the flue gases. This form of combustion gas passage manages to filter the solids of these same combustion gases efficiently. In addition, the cleaning of these steps of decanter combustion gases is very simple, since there are lateral doors that are easy to open for this purpose.
    25 Once the entire flue gas cycle has passed inside the exchanger, they pass to a last settler where the gas suction duct is installed. This vacuum cleaner has a variable flow rate to regulate the depression and flow rate of the flue gas outlet. A measuring chimney is attached to the gas extractor
    30 regulations, to get the gases outside.
    With all this, the main differential characteristics presented by the recommended generator and the advantages that such characteristics provide to it compared to conventional devices are the following:
    35 First, the exchanger block is arranged behind the combustion chamber, of
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    so that this arrangement facilitates the coupling of the heat exchanger block
    as an independent element of the camera and, therefore, detachable. The machine in this
    arrangement can be transported in a conventional truck and the coupling operation
    of the components is simple, thus reducing transport and assembly. He
    5 This fact also allows the first passage of combustion gases
    is produced through the first vertical tubes that are also replaceable, so
    which fit on the bushings of metallic material, thereby avoiding tensions
    structural that would damage the longevity of the machine. This block layout
    removable exchanger, makes it possible to catalog it as a spare part and very easy to repair, collaborating this fact to facilitate the amortization and durability of the
    machine.
    The second essential and differentiating feature is the arrangement of the heat exchanger.
    vertical form, that is, with the tubes installed vertically, which also provides great advantages. The passage of combustion gases through an exchanger
    vertical, it does not allow the ashes to settle inside the tubes. This greatly facilitates
    way of cleaning the tubular exchanger, allowing these
    cleaning work over much longer periods of time than in an exchanger
    horizontal. The doors arranged at the bottom of the exchanger allow these periodic cleaning operations to be carried out with great ease and little effort.
    On the other hand, the fact of installing the air supply fan just before the exit
    of combustion gases abroad, it achieves that by having a greater difference of
    temperature between the driven air and the flue gases, the heat exchange is 25 higher and the temperatures of the flue gases at their exit in the chimney are
    very low. What is also achieved with this drive fan arrangement is
    that, when the air reaches the combustion chamber, it already has a high temperature, and at
    arrive on said combustion chamber, the hottest place of the machine, increase
    substantially its temperature, thus achieving a hot air temperature greater than 30 to traditional systems. The low temperature of the flue gas outlet makes
    Your performance is very high.
    Finally, the vertical arrangement of the exchange block also provides another great
    advantage, which is to facilitate the settling of the ashes that are generated in the combustion chamber and settle easily in the lower part of the exchanger block. The great
    volume and surface area of this decanter, allows the gas velocity of
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    Combustion lower significantly thanks to this decrease in speed, sediment in your soil, thus achieving an outlet of flue gases clean of ashes. For the cleaning of this decanter there are easy opening doors that facilitate the periodic cleaning operation.
    5 In view of the foregoing, it is found that the described hot air generator by combustion of biomass constitutes an innovative structure with structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now, reasons that, together with its practical utility, provide it with sufficient grounds to obtain the privilege of exclusivity requested.
    10 DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, it is attached to the present
    15 Descriptive report, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings, in which the following has been represented as an illustration and not limited to:
    Figure 1.- Shows a schematic side elevation view of an embodiment of the biomass combustion hot air generator, object of the invention. The set of elements and parts that it comprises, as well as the configuration and arrangement of each one of them, can be seen in it. In addition, this figure shows, by dashed arrows, the path of combustion gases from the combustion chamber to the exchanger block through vertical tubes to the extractor.
    Figure 2.- Shows a side elevation view, also very schematic, of the combustion chamber and the vertical exchanger block available to the generator of the invention, its configuration and arrangement being more clearly appreciated as well as the main elements it comprises. 30 PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    In view of the aforementioned figures, and according to the numbering adopted, an example of a preferred but not limited embodiment of the hot air generator by combustion of recommended biomass, which comprises the parts and
    35 elements indicated and described in detail below.
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    Thus, as seen in Figure 1, the generator (1) in question comprises a feeder with an auger (2) that supplies the biomass to a receiving hopper (3) which is provided with a safety shut-off system. (4) between said feeder and said hopper, to prevent the return of the flame.
    5 Said receiving hopper (3), in which a central remover (5) is provided, feeds a horizontal pipe (6) with another inner auger (2 ') that is driven by an electric motor (7), conducts the biomass to the burner (8) located at the other end of said tube, inside the combustion chamber (9).
    10 In the combustion chamber (9) the burner (8) incorporates a lower grill (10) with small holes over which the biomass partially overflows, increasing the combustion surface.
    15 As seen in Figures 1 and 2, on the back of the combustion chamber
    (9) a first solid settling box (11) is contemplated which is placed before the flue gas outlet (12) towards the exchanger block (13), there being between this and said outlet a first step (I) of flue gases formed by a first set of several first vertical tubes (14) that are removable and sliding, whose diameter is greater than the diameter of other second vertical tubes (16) of the exchanger block (13), with the particularity that said First vertical tubes (14) are assembled between the combustion chamber (9) and the exchanger block (13) located behind the combustion chamber (9), on bushings (15). In this way, tensions due to dilations are avoided and allow easy disassembly through
    25 side registration doors (not shown in the figures) provided for this purpose in the enclosure (19) of the generator (1).
    For its part, the exchanger block (13), which characteristically is arranged as already indicated, behind the combustion chamber (9) constituting an independent element 30 thereof that can be disassembled, and is formed by a second step (II) determined by the second vertical tubes (16); in this case of smaller diameter than those of the first step (I) of combustion gases, and where said combustion gases are also forced to pass ascending and descending through these second vertical tubes (16) that are already connected, in groups, by means of upper drawers 35 (17) and lower drawers (18), transmitting their heat to the air passing through the outside of some and other tubes (14, 16) that make up the exchanger block (13) and which
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    It is closed laterally by the enclosure (19).
    In addition, the generator (1) incorporates a discharge fan (20) that is coupled to the exchange block (13) at the opposite end and further away from the combustion chamber
    5 (9), thus achieving high performance by exchanging temperature with combustion gases; fan that drives the hot air towards the hot air outlet (21) located on the combustion chamber (9).
    For cleaning the lower drawers (18) of combustion gases passing in the
    10 exchanger block (13), side cleaning doors (22) provided in the housing (19) are provided for this purpose, another similar cleaning door is also provided in the combustion chamber (9), which in the Figures have also been pointed out with the same reference (22).
    15 After the last bottom drawer (18) of the exchanger (13) a last decanter drawer (23) is installed, which is connected to the suction tube (24) of an extractor (25) of variable flow to regulate the depression and flow of the combustion gas outlet, and to which, in turn, a chimney pipe (26) will be coupled to output said gases to the outside.
    The nature of the present invention has been sufficiently described, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to extend its explanation so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which
    25 will also achieve the protection that is sought as long as it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]

    1.-HOT AIR GENERATOR BY BIOMASS COMBUSTION, which being of the type comprising a feeder with auger (2), receiving hopper (3), 5 combustion chamber (9) with burner (8), exchanger (13) tube-based heat, discharge fan (20) and hot air outlet (21);
    It is characterized by:
    10 -incorporates a heat exchanger block (13) that constitutes an independent element of the combustion chamber (9) which is removable and disposed thereon;
    - said heat exchanger block (13) consists of a set of second vertical tubes (16); 15 -the discharge fan (20) is coupled to the exchanger block (13) at the opposite end and further away from the combustion chamber (9).
    [2]
    2.-HOT AIR GENERATOR BY BIOMASS COMBUSTION, according to claim 1, characterized in that between the exchanger block (13) and an outlet of
    20 combustion gases (12) of the combustion chamber (9), there is a first step (I) of combustion gases formed by another set of first vertical tubes (14) that are removable and sliding.
    [3]
    3.-HEATING AIR GENERATOR BY BIOMASS COMBUSTION, according to the
    Claim 2, characterized in that the set of first vertical tubes (14) of the first passage (I) of combustion gases are of greater diameter than the set of second vertical tubes (16) of the heat exchanger block (13).
    [4]
    4.-HOT AIR GENERATOR BY BIOMASS COMBUSTION, according to a
    Any of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the assembly of the first vertical pipes (14) of the first flue gas passage (I) are assembled on bushings (15), and doors are provided for disassembly side registration in an enclosure housing (19) of the generator (1).
    35 5. BIOMASS COMBUSTION HOT AIR GENERATOR, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the exchange block (13)
    10

    It is formed by the set of second vertical tubes (16), which connect, in groups, with upper drawers (17) and lower drawers (18), existing for cleaning the lower drawers (18) side cleaning doors (18) 22).
    5
    10
    eleven
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4232732A|1978-04-24|1980-11-11|Johnson Albert V|Heat arrester boot for room stove|
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    ES1070424Y|2009-05-28|2009-11-12|Otero Domingo A Villoria|BIOMASS HOT AIR GENERATOR DEVICE|
    AT12843U1|2011-07-01|2012-12-15|Lasco Heutechnik Gmbh|MOBILE SOLID FUEL HEATING SYSTEM|
    ES2482215B1|2012-12-26|2015-05-11|Domingo Aquilino VILLORIA OTERO|BIOMASS HOT AIR GENERATOR DEVICE|KR101852908B1|2016-07-21|2018-04-27|귀뚜라미|Pellet boiler having mobile fire grate|
    CN106322759B|2016-08-25|2019-06-04|徐家启|A kind of efficient hot-air furnace apparatus|
    IT201700082606A1|2017-07-20|2019-01-20|Agrex Spa|THERMAL SYSTEM|
    IT201800003153A1|2018-02-28|2019-08-28|Styl Tecnology Soc A Responsabilita Limitata|SOLID FUEL HEAT GENERATOR|
    CN111237801A|2020-03-11|2020-06-05|广东中鹏热能科技有限公司|Self-cleaning air preheater|
    法律状态:
    2016-04-20| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2540153 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20160420 |
    2021-10-04| FD2A| Announcement of lapse in spain|Effective date: 20211004 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201331491A|ES2540153B1|2013-10-09|2013-10-09|Biomass combustion hot air generator|ES201331491A| ES2540153B1|2013-10-09|2013-10-09|Biomass combustion hot air generator|
    EP14851895.4A| EP3056835B1|2013-10-09|2014-09-26|Device for generating hot air by means of biomass combustion|
    PCT/ES2014/070732| WO2015052364A1|2013-10-09|2014-09-26|Device for generating hot air by means of biomass combustion|
    ES14851895.4T| ES2674250T3|2013-10-09|2014-09-26|Device for generating hot air by combustion of biomass|
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